Lesson 2.Components of food
QUESTION 1.Fill in
the blanks.
A) Iodine
solution is used to test presence of starch in any food item.
B) Potato, rice and wheat are rich in starch.
C) Citrus fruits are main source of Vitamin C.
D) Anaemia is caused due to deficiency of Iron.
E) Goitre is caused due to deficiency of IODINE.
QUESTION 2.True or
false:-
A) Vitamin D is produced in human body with the help
of sunlight. (true)
B) We get calcium from milk and milk products. (true)
C) Pulses are rich source of fats. (false).
D) Rice alone can give all nutrients to our body. (false)
E) Night blindness is caused due to deficiency of
Vitamin A. (True)
QUESTION 3.Match
COLUMN A With COLUMN B.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.Deciency of Protein A)Rickets
2. Vitamin A B) Beri-Beri
3. Vitamin B C) Scurvy
4. Vitamin C D) Night Blindness
5. Vitamin D E) kwashiorkor
Ans. Column A Column B
1.Deficiency Of Protein E) Kwashiorkor
2. Vitamin A D) Night Blindness
3. Vitamin B B) Beri- Beri
4. Vitamin C C) Scurvy
5.Vitamin D A)Rickets
QUESTION 4.CHOOSE
THE CORRECT OPTION:-
A) Which of the
following is rich source of protein?
A) Potato
B) Mango
C) Rice
D) Moong Dal
Ans.d) Moong Dal
B)Which of the
following is required for proper functioning of thyroid?
A) Vitamin
B) Calcium
C) Iodine
D) Iron
Ans. c)Iodine
C)Anaemia is
caused due to deficiency of…..
A) Vitamin
B) Calcium
C) Iron
D) Iodine.
Ans.c) Iron
QUESTION 5.VERY
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:-
A) What is
balanced food or balanced diet?
Ans. A diet which contains adequate amount of all
nutrients ,roughage and water is called balanced diet or balanced food.
B) What are the
main sources of carbohydrates?
Ans. potato, wheat, rice, mango, banana etc.
C) Why protein
is called body buiding foods?
Ans. Because protein is needed for growth and repair
of cells in our body.
D) What is
importance of roughage for human body?
Ans. Roughage helps in the digestion of food and helps
to prevent constipation.
E) Name two
food items which are rich in fats.
Ans. butter, vegetable oil, dry fruits egg etc.
QUESTION 6.SHORT
ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS:-
A) Why water is
essential for life?
Ans.1.water helps to transport digested food to the
body cells.
2.water
helps to get rid of waste products from the body.
B) Name the
five important nutrients required by our body.
Ans.1.carbohydrates 2.fats 3.protien 4.vitamin
5.minerals
C) From where
do we get vitamin C? Name the disease caused due to deficiency of vitamin c.
Ans. We get vitamin c from citrus fruits like orange,
lime, lemon, Amla etc.
Scurvy is
caused due to deficiency of vitamin C.
D) Why
carbohydrates and fats are called energy giving food? Explain.
Ans. Because both carbohydrates and fats provide
energy to our body so these are called energy giving foods.
Question 7. Long
Answer Type Questions.
A) What are deficiency diseases?
Briefly explain the diseases caused by deficiency protein and carbohydrates in human body.
Ans. DEFICIENCY
DISEASES:-A disease which arises due to lack of nutrients in in our
diet over a long period of time, is called deficiency disease.
1. The deficiency of proteins in the diet of small
children causes a disease called kwashiorkor. Due to this disease growth of
child becomes slow,
Swelling of
face and feet takes place, child become weak, skin of child becomes rough.
2. The deficiency of protein as well as carbohydrates
in diet of very small children causes a disease called Marasmus. Due to this
disease child becomes very lean and thin, ribs of child look very prominent.
B) Write down
the importance of Minerals in human body.
Ans. Our body needs minerals for its proper
functioning, normal growth and good health.
1. Iron is needed to make haemoglobin present in the
blood.
2. Calcium is needed for making bones and teeth.
3. Phosphorus is needed for formation of teeth and
bones.
4. Iodine is essential for proper functioning of
thyroid gland.
C) What are
vitamins? Write down the importance of different vitamins in human body.
Ans. Vitamins are chemical substances which are needed
by our body in very small quantity.
FUNCTIONS OF VITAMINS:-
1. Vitamin A:- It protects eyes ,skin and hair.
2. Vitamin B:- Essential for growth and proper
functioning of digestive system
Heart, nerves and muscles.
3. Vitamin C:- Helps to fight diseases.
4. Vitamin D:- Normal growth of bones and teeth.
5. Vitamin E:- needed
for good health
6. Vitamin K:- helps in clotting of blood.
ACTIVITY 1.To test
the presence of starch in food item.
Material
required: Iodine solution, watch glass, dropper,
food item to be tested.
Procedure:
Put a drop of iodine solution on the food item to be tested.
Observation:
Colour of food item changes to dark blue or black.
Questions based on activities:
Q.1.When we put
drops of iodine solution on raw potato, what happens to its colour?
Ans. Its colour changes to dark blue or black.
Q.2.What is the
colour of iodine solution?
Ans. Orange to light brown.
Q.3.Name the
food items which can be used to test the presence of starch other than raw potato.
Ans. Boiled rice, wheat flour, sugarcane etc.
ACTIVITY 2:- To
test the presence of protein in any food item.
Material required:-Test tube, dilute sodium hydroxide solution,
Copper
sulphate solution, food item to be tested.
Procedure:-1.Take 2ml of milk in a test-tube.
2. Add a
little of dilute sodium hydroxide solution.
3. Then add
2 or 3 drops of copper sulphate solution
and shake
the test tube.
Analysis:-A violet colour
appears in the solution. This shows that milk contains proteins.
ACTIVITY BASED
QUESTIONS:-
Q.1.Name the
chemicals used to test the presence of protein in any food item.
Ans. Copper sulphate solution and sodium hydroxide
solution.
Q.2.Name two
food items rich in protein.
Ans:- Soyabean,
pulses, egg etc.
ACTIVITY 3.To test
the presence of fats in any food item.
Material required:-Paper,
food item to be tested.
Procedure:-1.Rub
the food item on the paper.
Analysis:-Paper
becomes translucent.
QUESTIONS BASED ON
ACTIVITY:-
Q.1.When we rub
cashew on paper, why does paper become translucent?
Ans. Fats present in cashew make paper translucent.
Q.2.Name two
food items rich in fats.
Ans. Butter, vegetable oil, dry fruits etc.
